Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which damages pancreatic cells.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, intense pain, which, if not treated in time, can lead to the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a ringed character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo or hypertension) are observed and the patient's general condition worsens.It becomes pale and subsequently the skin acquires an earthy gray tint.With cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and belches and nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.The loss of electrolytes causes clammy sweat, difficulty breathing, and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food particles and a bad odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the navel.With further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he must be immediately transferred to the hospital.
Pancreatitis treatment
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent inflammation of the pancreas and help quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), analgesics, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.It is allowed to drink only mineral water or rosehip decoction.In the future, low-calorie foods will be gradually introduced into the diet with the exclusion of foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
therapeutic diet
It develops depending on the patient's condition.The diet when acute inflammation subsides includes the following:
- provide the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids and carbohydrate compounds;
- increase the amount of vitamins;
- reduce the amount or completely eliminate substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty foods, alcohol, seasonings and canned foods;
- a diet for pancreatitis involves chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- Meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed for 1 to 2 days;
- in case of pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing food can reduce irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized products
If the pancreas is damaged, patients' diet may include:
- from dairy products: kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, beef) in the form of soufflé or puree;
- pike perch, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- grated vegetables, which must first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or slightly dry bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed tortillas;
- for patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fats;
- Recommended cereals are oats, buckwheat and semolina;
- as fruit, you are allowed to eat unsweetened baked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with croutons, steamed meat soufflé, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelet in an amount of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g of fish and tea roll;
- Curdled milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- oatmeal soup (about 250 g), as well as meat soufflé (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- cottage cheese soufflé;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat soufflé, tea;
- cheese;
- oatmeal soup and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes and baked apple;
- egg white omelet;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- curdled milk.
Diet meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal food digestion.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis of effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is advisable not to stew or bake meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.Lean fish dishes are prepared in the same way.
Sometimes milk can be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to only add it to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.Also, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onion, cabbage and radishes.Products made with rye flour are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of dishes?
Each day, patients should receive approximately 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be on average 2600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its protein, carbohydrate and fat content, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with its help that the daily diet of patients is drawn up not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require proper dietary nutrition.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and accompany it with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which it is necessary to take a break of 10 days and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprouts juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin is useful.
- It is useful to drink a mumiyo solution every night for 10 days in a row, one hour after eating (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) at night, after dissolving it in 100 ml of warm milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, home remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, cranberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up your recovery.It is necessary to pass a kilogram of lemons, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which start taking a teaspoon.For chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, pour boiling water over it, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are recommended to perform special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath, gently contract your stomach, and then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After this, you should inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and inflate your stomach strongly and then relax.The exercises should be performed in a lying position three times a day, performing 3 to 9 repetitions.These breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the release of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis, traditional methods should not be resorted to, since the patient must receive immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.